Orthodontics in childhood
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How does treatment in childhood differ from treatment in adulthood?
With today's modern fixed appliances, most of the malocclusions can be corrected in adulthood, even in adults, without any age limit. This is good news, but there are some age specificities that allow a range of interventions to improve the quality of life of children (breathing, chewing efficiency, speech, swallowing functions) and to prevent or simplify further necessary treatments.
Early childhood (age 7-10)
At this age, the aim of early orthodontic treatment is twofold:
1. To help and ensure the natural change of teeth.
2. to ensure harmonious facial development by eliminating bad habits (e.g. re-swallowing) and muscle dysfunctions (e.g. tongue thrust swallowing, mouth breathing). As this is the period when bite disorders develop, lack of timely treatment leads to exacerbation of the disorder and entrenchment of muscle dysfunction. With well-timed, properly coordinated treatment, a dentition disorder can be prevented, and in some cases completely treated, with much greater effort later on. With an initial orthodontic treatment, orthodontic treatment involving tooth extraction (removal of remaining teeth) can be avoided.
Why is 7 years old the recommended age for children to start orthodontic treatment?
At this age, the first big bills had already emerged, which formed the bite at the back. By this time, most of the front four front teeth are also in the forefoot, so we can now measure both the posterior and anterior bite patterns. The earlier the problem is identified, the easier it is to treat.
The immediate results of orthodontic treatment in children are:
- Making space in the crowded dentition.
- Harmonious facial profile, good bite shape by controlling the growth of the jawbones.
- By straightening the protruding front teeth, the likelihood of front tooth trauma is reduced.
- Maintenance of space for teeth that have not yet emerged.
- It reduces the likelihood of tooth extraction later on.
- The duration of any subsequent fixed orthodontic treatment is reduced.
Adolescence (ages 10-12)
A biological characteristic of this age is the "adolescent growth spurt", when a very active growth and transformation takes place throughout the body as a result of various hormonal changes. This is a particularly important period for orthodontics.
In this case, most dental abnormalities can be treated successfully by conservative means. This means that we can adjust and stabilise the growth of the jawbones and their position in relation to each other.
These interventions are called orthodontic treatments or functional orthodontic treatments.
The main aim is to adjust the ideal position of the dental arch and jawbone with a removable appliance.
The disadvantage of removable appliances is that they can only be used for certain tooth movements, so a fixed appliance treatment is always required after treatment to achieve perfect results. Removable appliances can be considered as pre-treatment. Removable braces are usually functional for 1-1.5 years.
After the age of 12, if all the child's teeth have erupted, orthodontic treatment is done with fixed braces. The most ideal appliances are soft-force braces.
Direct results of treatments with functional devices
- We ensure the conditions for harmonious growth of the face and jawbones.
- You can change the position of the lower jawbone to balance the facial profile.
- We change the shape of the arches, we widen them.
- Any remaining muscle dysfunction is sorted out.
Removable braces
It is used during orthodontic treatment in children. Children can easily get used to their appliance, and with the help of colourful figures and glitter powder, they can be personalised and made playful to wear.
Unfortunately, the term "night orthodontist" is still in the public consciousness. It is important to note that these appliances should also be worn during the day (during quiet times, when doing homework, reading, watching TV). The more the child wears them, the more effective they are.
Wearing a removable device is often followed by wearing a fixed device. This is because the removable appliance does not allow as fine a tooth movement. The perfect result and long-term stability can be achieved with a fixed appliance.
ADVANCED
The patient can take it out, making it easy to clean the tooth and the appliance. The force exerted on the teeth and jawbone is not constant and not excessive. It is not aesthetically disturbing. Activation and control is a time-consuming task. It can be used to influence the development of the jaw bones in childhood.
HOUSES
They cannot be used to move teeth physically (only with fixed appliances). Their effectiveness depends largely on the cooperation of the child (time of use). They cannot be used to treat all malocclusions. After a certain age, it can no longer be used.
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